Probability
Probability = favourable outcomes ÷ total outcomes, from 0 (impossible) to 1 (certain).
Single eventsRelative frequencyEstimating outcomesTwo-way tablesSample spacesCombined events
📖 Learn
Single event
P(rolling a 6) = 1/6.
Not happening
P(not A) = 1 − P(A).
Expected
Expected number = probability × number of trials.
Worked example
A bag has 3 red, 5 blue. P(red)?
- 1Total: 3 + 5 = 8
- 2Red: 3
- 3P(red) = 3/8 ✅
🧪 Play with it: Dice roller
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0 rolls · relative frequency of a 6: – (theory: 0.167)
⭐ Practise
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